In recent years, with the increasing prosperity of the country, the planning and construction of new rural areas and new towns have been constantly put on the agenda, which has also led to a new round of reform of light steel houses in the suburbs and villages of the country. So, what are the types of light steel villas?
01
Basic system
Various forms such as strip foundations, crawling spaces, and basements can be used, with strip foundations being the main form. The excavation depth under the ground of a double story house is 400mm-600mm, and a structural ring beam with a height of 240mm-300mm is set above the ground. The specific geological conditions and the design drawing of the house foundation shall prevail. Light steel structure houses have a light weight, only about one-fifth of that of brick concrete structure houses and one-eighth of that of reinforced concrete structure houses, which can greatly reduce the cost of foundation construction. Light steel structure houses generally use strip foundations.
02
Wall system
Inner substrate calcium silicate board; The structural board OSB board (9.5mm) is imported from Canada; The external decorative layer can be cement fiber hanging board/local cultural stone/American paint; The thickness of the exterior wall is generally between 120-200mm; Due to the thin walls, the actual usable area of light steel structure houses increases by about 10% -15% compared to traditional houses; The indoor usage area of light steel structure houses reaches over 90%, and the indoor space can be flexibly separated. Pipelines can be arranged with reserved holes in the walls, floors, and roofs, with good concealment and more beautiful appearance.
Key points: Thin walls, light weight, large usable area of the house, and beautiful appearance.
03
Floor system
The floor system is mainly truss type, with a light steel beam height of 305mm, assembled from standard small members. An 18mm thick OSB structural plate is laid on the floor beam, and a 40mm thick lightweight concrete cushion layer (crack resistant and sound insulation layer) is set on top. The floor decoration layer can choose wooden flooring, ceramic tiles, or carpets, etc. The floor is composed of high-strength hot-dip aluminum zinc C-shaped and U-shaped light steel components, and the floor beams are arranged with dense ribs at equal intervals according to the standard module. The floor beams are covered with structural panels that have undergone strict moisture-proof and anti-corrosion treatment, forming a sturdy and seismic resistant floor system.
Key points: earthquake resistance, sound insulation, tightly fitting floors, and anti leakage.
04
Roof system
The roof truss is composed of various light steel components combined and assembled, generally including triangular roof trusses and T-shaped roof trusses. It can easily and flexibly achieve various complex roof shapes. The general roof adopts colorful asphalt tiles, which have excellent waterproof function, highlighting aesthetics and quality. Light steel composite roof truss, filled with 2 * 100mm fiberglass cotton and 9mm OSB structural board (changed to 12mm OSB structural board in some areas with high wind and snow loads), with waterproof coating on the upper side of the structural board. Asphalt tiles are selected for the roof tiles. Castles can be made of glazed tiles and Spanish clay tiles.
Key points: The roof is beautiful and elegant, with strong bearing capacity, and can withstand snow loads of 1.55KN/m2 or more.
How did light steel villas finally become popular through consumer scrutiny?
It's because it solved all the following problems
1： Quality issues
All structural components used are hot-dip galvanized steel plates, and self tapping screws are used during assembly without welding technology, effectively protecting the integrity of the zinc film, thus having excellent corrosion resistance. In addition, all structural components are enclosed in impermeable composite walls, which will not corrode, mold, or be infested by insects. The service life of the building can reach over 70 years。
2： Thermal insulation issues
The light steel villa has formed a high-performance composite wall system and composite roof system through a combination of structural framework, thermal insulation fiberglass cotton, and maintenance panels, which have good thermal insulation effects. If there are special requirements for insulation in areas, insulation materials can be added, such as adding an extra layer of extruded plastic board in northern regions, for better insulation effect.
而Traditional brick concrete has high heat transfer performance, average insulation performance, and high energy consumption.
3： Quality assurance issues
The quality and safety of light steel villa residential buildings are not related to the thickness of the walls, as they are not traditional residential buildings.
Its main material is a light steel structure synthesized by hot-dip galvanizing and cold rolling technology. After precise calculation and the support and combination of auxiliary components, it plays a reasonable bearing capacity. In addition, steel structure buildings have been around for hundreds of years, and steel structure residential buildings appeared in the United States as early as 1900. The regulations were established in 1976 and have been in use until today. So the development of light steel structure villas has been quite mature to this day, but the introduction time in China is relatively short, which leads to insufficient understanding among people.
Compared to traditional buildings, the usage area of light steel villas is nearly 18% higher than that of traditional buildings. They are easy to install, have diverse styles, can recycle waste materials, have small errors in factory prefabricated main components, and have lower overall costs.
4： Waterproofing issues
Light steel villas have a comprehensive construction system for moisture-proof and waterproofing, which generally includes the following aspects:
Foundation: laying thick moisture-proof film;
Ground: Brush double-layer waterproof asphalt, and add black waterproof membrane to the position of light steel structure for waterproofing;
Wall: Equipped with moisture-proof breathable paper (waterproof and breathable) to ensure excellent waterproofing of the wall and the ability to regulate indoor relative humidity. The eaves protrude 300mm to 600mm to directly drain water, and there are dedicated water supply and drainage pipes.
Roof: The entire surface is made of waterproof membrane, and the eaves are treated with special waterproofing. Glass fiber cotton is placed inside the roof to provide insulation and heat preservation. Asphalt tiles belong to the tiles with superior waterproofing properties internationally, and water directly falls along the asphalt tiles as water droplets. Can achieve 360 degree moisture-proof and waterproof treatment.
However, traditional buildings lack overall moisture-proof measures and have poor breathability.
5： Rust prevention, insect and ant prevention issues
In terms of rust prevention, we use special galvanized light steel as the skeleton. The galvanizing standard is implemented according to North American international standards, with double-sided hot-dip galvanizing of 275g/㎡. The domestic galvanizing requirement of 120g/㎡ can prevent rusting for decades, especially since our galvanizing standard is more than twice that in China. Multiple experiments in Japan have shown that galvanized steel exposed to the outside does not rust for more than a hundred years.
As far as insect and ant prevention is concerned, our light steel structure is made of galvanized steel, which maintains that the panels are not corroded by pests such as termites.
6： Sound insulation effect issue
Sound is a type of wave that requires a medium for transmission. Transmission, reflection, and absorption occur at the interface of the medium. The light steel villa wall is a composite wall system that passes through multiple media with different densities during sound propagation, greatly reducing the frequency of sound wave transmission.
7: Underfloor heating and water leakage issues
The underfloor heating method is the same as traditional brick and concrete, and waterproofing treatment includes roof waterproofing: the roof is fully covered with waterproof materials, asphalt tiles themselves have waterproof performance, and important nodes are covered with one layer, which is equivalent to three layers of waterproofing; The exterior wall waterproofing is made of moisture-proof breathable paper. Generally, there is very little water leakage. If there is indeed a leakage, we will provide after-sales service.
8: Gale issue
The unique "plate rib structure" of light steel villas can effectively bear horizontal loads, while using a large number of anti pull components to reliably connect the entire building with the foundation. Long tie rods and shear connectors are also used to connect the floors and roofs of the house, ensuring the overall safety and stability of the house. Although light steel structures are lightweight, a house requires at least a few tons of light steel, along with exterior panels and wall fillers. A house can weigh at least tens to hundreds of tons and is not easily blown away by the wind.
9: Stability issues
The main structure of the light steel villa is a high-strength, high galvanized keel structure system, all connected by high galvanized bolts, forming an overall flexible structure. When encountering natural disasters (such as earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, etc.), it can instantly unload external forces, release huge external forces, and generate shear or deformation stress on the house, ensuring the overall safety of the house. Even if a larger earthquake or typhoon causes the house to collapse or deform, it will form a flexible support space to protect the safety of life and property. The panel composite structure wall not only has good overall integrity, but also avoids secondary damage to the human body caused by gas structure collapse.
Traditional architecture, on the other hand, requires a large span of materials and has a single form.
10： Natural disaster issues
In the face of natural disasters such as lightning, flash floods, and hurricanes, light steel villas are designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements of building design and construction standards, and also meet their building requirements in terms of earthquake resistance and typhoon resistance; Under the influence of other force majeure factors such as war, flash floods, mudslides, etc., the same type of building cannot be guaranteed. Note: For earthquakes with a magnitude of 9 and hurricanes of 70 meters per second, the entire structure of the light steel villa is connected to the foundation, forming a good lightning protection system. Traditional houses require galvanized lightning rods on top, and the galvanized material of light steel villas is tightly connected to the ground to form a complete lightning protection system. There is no need to take special lightning protection measures for light steel villas. Firstly, the metal shell can shield the internal electric field, which is a physical knowledge. Secondly, the entire light steel material is not exposed to the outdoors, and the outdoor decorative material is insulation material that does not conduct electricity. If you are not confident, you can install lightning rods.
Traditional buildings belong to brittle structures and are severely damaged under the influence of earthquakes.
11： Self decoration issues
Villas can be decorated by oneself. There are no special requirements for decoration, which is consistent with traditional decoration methods. There are no special precautions needed, as the inner wall panels are made of calcium silicate board, which is hard and flat in quality, and can be directly decorated with wallpaper. The ceiling can be made of the same material as traditional home decoration.
Compared to traditional buildings, company decoration can save half or even more construction time.
However, traditional buildings have long construction periods and cannot be constructed in cold winter areas due to environmental limitations.
In summary, the reason why light steel villas are popular is not only because they are suitable for various natural environments across the country, but also because they fully comply with the national concept of green environmental protection. Therefore, more and more people in suburban and rural areas are choosing light steel villas.
